Performance enhancing drugs in sports (which ones athletes use and the Research Paper

Performance enhancing drugs in sports (which ones athletes use and the benefits and possible side effects of using them) - Research Paper Example Some of them accept athletes as roll models in their life. This is a competitive world and the competition is spread in almost all sectors. By all means, sport is an important part of the competence. For surviving and winning in the competence at the sports field athletes want to maintain and boost their performance more and more. For this reason they always seek the methods for enhancing their performance in competitions and consider drug as the suitable stimuli for achieving their aims. Athletes prefer different types of performance enhancing drugs like anabolic steroids. There are certain reasons behind the use of drugs by athletes. In the book, Drugs in sports, David R. Mottram reveals many important factors related to the use of drugs in sports. In this book he denominates four reasons for the use of drugs in sports. They are listed below. Performance maintenance: - As part of the treatments which occurs at the time of their practicing or some other situation they forced to take treatments. At this time the medicines they took for the sports injuries many include drugs. From the above mentioned four points it is clear that athletes use drugs for improving their performance. Some of the important factors regarding the performance enhancing drugs in sports are discussed below. Almost all kinds of drugs preferred by the athletes contain substances which help the improvement of their athletic performance. It is not a new phenomenon; in the historical period itself athletes prefer drugs for their performance enrichment. It is not limited to one or two types. The most commonly preferred drug types are steroids and amphetamines and health supplements. First two types come under controlled substances, that is its production and distribution are controlled by the legal authority. One of the major reasons for this strict controlling is its high possibility of abuse especially by the athletes and trainers. Health supplements are

Carrie Chapman Catt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Carrie Chapman Catt - Essay Example After the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920, she organized the League of Women Voters for the political education of women (Levin 2006). Carrie assisted in the arrangement of the International Women Suffrage Alliance at the Berlin Conference. She then committed and restricted herself to the peace movements in 1923.This she made work through lecturing, writing and also recruiting in the Suffrage movement. Her moves were mainly to free women and be allowed to vote and b heard as the. In a nutshell it was all about eradicating male chauvinism (Keller 2006). She was a hardworking lady who never lost hope an even after some members led by Alice Paul had left the union, she strategized and developed a future plan to keep the group alive. After her great achievement of the successful amendment of the constitution, she began a worldwide campaign and tour to help the women develop the right to vote (Levin

Managing Staff Essay Example for Free

Managing Staff Essay Health care managers have many different roles in any health care facility. According to Chapter 9 of Health Care Finance, â€Å"The manager is responsible for seeing that an employee is present and working for each position and for every shift required for that position’. Managers have a role to understand and know how to use staffing measurement known as the full-time equivalent (FTE). The role of health care managers can vary depending on their position as well as the size of the facility. The role of a health care manager consist of many different things such as staffing, budgeting, scheduling, marketing, accounting, and organizing decisions that will benefit the facility and ensure that everything is effective. â€Å"Group medical practice managers work with a group of medical doctors and handle the budgets, billing, personnel, and patients†, (Role of a Healthcare Manager, 2010). Another role of health care managers is to be available at all times. Comparing Productive and Nonproductive Time According to Chapter 9 of Health Care Finance, â€Å"Productive time actually equates to the employee’s net hours on duty when performing the functions in his or her job description†. Nonproductive time is paid-for time when the employee is not on duty: that is, not producing and therefore â€Å"nonproductive.† Some things that will consist of nonproductive time would be holidays, paid-for vacation days, personal leave days, and/or sick days. Some things that will consist of productive time would be an employee net time or days that they actually at worked on the job. Costs Tied to Staffing Costing is tied to staffing in a variety of ways, because the health care field is a 24-hour job. In the health care setting you have staffs employees working majority of the day. Some employee work sixteen hours shifts, but shift does change every eight to twelve hours in many facilities. The role of a manager is staffing, and employees normally work forty hours per week. If the facility consists of eight hour shifts then the staff would normally work eight hour shifts five days a week, and if it is a twelve hour shift the staff would work three in half days to get forty hours. The Difference between the Annualized Method and the Scheduled-Position Method There are two different approaches to use to compute the staff full-time equivalent (FTE). The Two approaches are the annualized method and the scheduled-position method. The role of a manager comes into place when concerning the annualized method, because the manager would take the productive days and the nonproductive days of each employee and account them in the formula used to complete the hours. The annualized method is a yearly thing and it is calculated with the time the employee has worked. The role of a manager comes into place when concerning the schedule-position method, because the productive days and nonproductive days are accounted for when filling a scheduled shift. The scheduled-position method is a weekly schedule thing. It is important to have a staffing plan in any health care facility. It is important to have enough staff present for the quality of the residents or patients. A staffing plan can help to determine what staffs are schedule and if more staffs are needed to work. Having a staffing plan helpful, because this way every employee time worked are accounted for when recording productive days and nonproductive days. Annualize Staffing Annualizing staff is important in any health care facility, because it is something that the staff have worked hard for and deserve what they have coming to them. Annualizing staff is important because the staffs will be get days off such as Christmas, New Years and etc., and still get paid for it depending on how long they have been employed, because the annualized method is hours accumulated on a yearly method. According to Chapter 9 of Health Care Finance, â€Å"Annualizing is necessary because each employee that is eligible for benefits (such as vacation days) will not be on duty for the  full number of hours paid for by the organization†. The Benefits of Recording Productive and Nonproductive Time There are many benefits of recording productive and nonproductive time in health care management. One benefit of recording productive and nonproductive time is that it improved productivity and decreased non-productivity. Some other benefits of recording productive and nonproductive time are to presence-to-performance ratio, to keep a time log, to make a checklist of recoverable time, and to sharpen the saw. It is important for managers to have a staffing plan available to manage staff and keep record of all staff hours to avoid miscommunication. References T Bureau of Labor Statistics. (n.d.). Occupational employment statistics. Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes113031.htm#ind Crainer, S., Dearlove, D. (Eds.) (2004). The Financial Times handbook of management. (3rd ed.) New York, NY: Pearson. Tina Su (2010) http://workawesome.com/productivity/full-engagement-at-work/

Acupuncture :: essays research papers fc

Acupuncture is considered to be a new alternative medicine in western society, and has recently become very popular in the United States (â€Å"All About Acupuncture†). Acupuncture is the insertion of hair-fine needles into the body’s surface, which is supposed to cause psychological effects on the body to cure the patient of an illness. These illnesses may be emotional mental or physical (Singer). But some doctors question the validity of this practice, and believe that acupuncture may be unsafe (Barrett).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first basis of acupuncture was probably first theorized by Shen Nung about 5000 years ago in a document called â€Å"Huang Di Nei Jing† (Singer). Shen Nung believed that there is an energy force running through the entire body called â€Å"Qi† (pronounced chee). Qi travels through the body in â€Å"meridians† or channels. These meridians run vertically up and down the body’s surface (Singer). The Qi is supposed to be the mental, spiritual, emotional, and physical aspects of life. The Qi reacting with the forces of the â€Å"Yin† and â€Å"Yang† influence a person’s health (Singer). The Yin and Yang represent the positive and negative forces in the universe (â€Å"All About Acupuncture†). â€Å"Yin is signified by female attributes, passive, dark, cold, moist, that which moves medially†¦ Yang is signified by male attributes, light, active, warm, dry, that which moves laterally†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Singer). If the Qi in a person’s body is not in balance with the Yin and Yang then an illness will befall the person, and he or she should be treated with acupuncture, which corrects this imbalance (Singer).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The process of acupuncture requires the placement of needles at acupuncture points so the Qi can be balanced. There are about nine different kinds of acupuncture needles, although six needles are commonly used today (Singer). The needles vary in size, length, and shape of the head. These needles can be placed between 15 ° and 90 ° angles depending on the treatment that is required. Also the needles may be raised, pushed, twirled or plucked (vibration of the needle) to cause sensations called â€Å"deqi† to correct the Qi imbalance in the body. Electrical currents may also be applied to the needles to allow stimulation at the acupuncture points. Acupuncture is often accompanied by acupressure and burning of herbs near the skin to help correct Qi imbalances (Singer).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are several different theories as to how acupuncture possibly works. First acupuncture might possibly cut pain off from reaching the spinal cord or the brain since many acupuncture points are located on neural structures.

Nursing Practice and Profession

Nurses who are sensitive to the legal dimensions of practice are careful to develop a strong sense of both ethical and legal accountability. Competent practice is a nurses’ best legal safeguard. When working to develop ethical and legal accountabilities, nurses must recognize that both deficiencies and or excesses of responsible caring are problematic. Although it is reasonable to hold oneself accountable for promoting the human well being of the patients, nurses can err by setting unrealistic standards of responsiveness and responsibility for themselves. Prudence is always necessary to balance responsible self care with care for others. Inexperienced nurses might feel totally responsible for effecting patient outcomes beyond their control and become frustrated and sad when unable to produce the desired outcome Conversations about what is reasonable to hold ourselves and others accountable for are always helpful.Each employing institution or agency providing nursing service ha s an obligation to establish a process for reporting and handling practices by individual or by health care systems that jeopardizes a patient’s health or safety. The American Nurses Association code of Ethics obligates nurses to report professional conduct that is incompetent, unethical or illegal. For nurses, incompetent practice in measured by nursing standards, unethical practice is evaluated in light of the professional codes of ethics, while illegal practice is identified in terms of violation of federal legislations and laws.Nurses must respect the accountability and responsibility inherent in their roles.   They have the moral obligations in the provision of nursing care, hence they collaborate with other health care providers in providing comprehensive health care, recognizing the perspective and expertise of each member.   Nurses have a moral right to refuse to participate in procedures that may violate their own personal moral conscience since they are entitled to conscientious objection. They must keep all information obtained in a professional capacity confidential and employ professional judgment in sharing this information on a need to know basis.Nurses are expected to protect individuals under their care against lack of privacy by confining their verbal communications only to appropriate personnel; settings, and to professional purposes. They are obliged to adhere to practice that limits access to personal records to appropriate personnel. They must value the promotion of a social as well as economic environment that supports and sustains health and well-being. It includes the involvement in the detection of ill effects of the environment on the health of the patient as well as the ill effects of human activities to the natural environment.They must acknowledge that the social environment in which the patient inhabits has an impact on health. Nurses must respect the rights of individuals to make informed choices in relation to their care. They have this responsibility to inform individuals about the care available to them, and the choice to accept or reject that care.   If the person is not able to speak for themselves, nurses must ensure the availability of someone to represent them. It is vital to respect the decisions made concerning the individual’s care.   Standards of care are one measure of quality.   Quality nursing care provides care by qualified individuals.Likewise, the individual needs, values, and culture of the patient relative to the provision of nursing care is important to be respected and considered hence it should not be compromised for reasons of ethnicity, gender, spiritual values, disability, age, economic, social or health status, or any other grounds.   Respect for an individual’s needs includes recognition of the individual’s place in a family and the community. It is due to this reason that others should be included in the provision of care, most significan tly the family members. Respect for needs, beliefs and values includes culturally sensitive care, and the need for comfort, dignity, privacy and alleviation of pain and anxiety as much as possible.â€Å"Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a problem solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the conscientious use of best evidence in combination with a clinician’s expertise as well as patient preferences and values to make decisions about the type of care that is provided† (Melnyk, 2004). Quality of care outcomes refers to accuracy and relevance demonstrated by the decisions concerning the need for medical and surgical intervention. Evidence of appropriateness in healthcare is necessary to improve health outcomes, balance costs, provide guidance to physicians and meet the need of the new informed health consumer. Appropriateness is unlike effectiveness since the later refers to the degree in which an intervention achieves the objectives set (Muir Gray, 1997). One criterion of appropriateness is that of necessity.As technology and improved methods of care has advanced, access to appropriate interventions should likewise improve. Today some interventions are still limited such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rural communities and since access to this technology is limited, a criterion of necessity is used to determine who is able to access and how quickly. Therefore although use of MRI may be appropriate in diagnostics, it may be underused. Advancements in technology, interventions and clinical research will provide updated evidence which in turn would affect ratings of appropriateness (Muir Gray, 1997).Clinical guideline statements are developed from evidence to assist healthcare practitioners in making appropriate health interventions (Woolf, Grol, Hutchinson, Eccles & Grimshaw, 1999). The clinical guideline may be a general statement or concise instruction on which diagnostic test to order or how best to treat a specific condition. The purpose of clinical guidelines is as a tool for making decisions that will result in more consistent and efficient care. Guidelines are not rules nor are they mandatory. The benefits of clinical guidelines include: Improved health outcomes; Increased beneficial/appropriate care; Consistency of care; Improved patient information; Ability to positively influence policy; Provide direction to health care practitioners;ReferencesAgency of Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Outcomes research fact sheet. [Online].Available: http://www.ahcpr.gov/clinic/outfact.htmBrook, R.H. (1994). Appropriateness: The next frontier. [Online]. Available:http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/308/6923/218?ijkey=t7GNbMJu0NIhAFitch, K., Bernstien, S. J., Aguilar, M. D., Burand, B., LaCalle, J. R., Lazaro, P. van het Loo,McDonnell, J., Vader, J. P., & Kahan, J. P. (2001). The RAND/UCLA appropriatenessmethod user’s manual. [Online]. Available:http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1269?John A. Hart ford Foundation. (n.d.). [Online]. Available:   http://www.jhartfound.org/Muir Gray, J.A. (1997). Evidence-based healthcare: How to make health policy and managementdecisions, New York: Churchill Livingstone.Woolf, S. H., Grol, R., Hutchinson, A., Eccles, M., & Grimshaw, J. (1999). Clinical guidelines:Potential benefits, limitations and harms of clinical guidelines. [Online]. Available:http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/318/7182/527?

Flipping The Coin On Immigration - 926 Words

Flipping the Coin on Immigration In the essay â€Å"Imagining the Immigrant: Why legality Must Give Way to Humanity† and the article â€Å"The Perpetual Border Battle†, both professor John J. Savant and former director of CIA Mark Krikorian, give us each their perspective on necessary alterations in our border systems and ethics owing to the current immigration issue in our country. Illegal immigration is frown upon since it violates our constitution. Opponents to these unethical actions deliberate that our border control is in need of extensive advancements. In contrast the more humanitarian side of society contemplate the possibility of an agreement that will constitute to the non-violation of the law yet consider the desperation of these immigrants trying to provide the essential necessities for their loved ones. Most of immigration occurs due to the living condition of these travelers in their native country. Like Savant mentions in his essay â€Å"the issue boil s down to legal conformity versus possible starvation† (Savant 374). Employment in the U.S. is the prime reason for entering the country illegally, leaving their towns and often families to pursue the American dream. With heart filled with hope and dreams they embark on a journey to reach the land that will allow them to have a stable job with better pay. With a family living in poverty and the fact that the U.S. provides for â€Å"some of their country-men to earn more in a day than he/she does in a month† (Savant 374) breakingShow MoreRelatedTrends of Marriage and Divorce Essay1285 Words   |  6 PagesMarriage as a social norm has become a remnant of a bygone era. Marriage is archaic, superfluous, and risky. From a quantitative standpoint, almost half of all people who marry divorce. The chance of having a successful marriage is on par with flipping a coin. Beyond that, initial marriage rates are at a low, and people are beginning to see that marriage is only one of many options in pursuing a long-term relationship with a partner. With the increasing rates of divorce and decreasing rates of marriageRead MoreAbraham Lincoln - Critical Analysis2619 Words   |  11 PagesThere are so many great leaders from our collective past and present, so choosing one to focus on as a Leader was not an easy task. We decided to let fate decide and took out a penny. Just before flipping the coin, Janshan noticed that it was an American Penny and wasnt sure what the emblems on the coin were. It was Abraham Lincolns face and the Lincoln Washington memorial building . Inscribed on the penny is In God we Trust. What we knew of him at that moment was that he was considered a greatRead MoreEssay About This Day In The New World8472 Words   |  34 Pagesvolume of paper fore and aft of the table. It was easy to misplace the scheduling for an entire country. More cumbersome, with every load of new sandwiches delivered, schedules for a continent had to be rediscovered. The Prophet sat on a windowsill, flipping through a nearly completed agenda of places and dates. Behind him, all the life of Bogotà ¡ stretched in every direction. Two boys playing with a dog on the front lawn stopped him from reading. He waved the papers in the air to attract Lawrence awayRead MoreCulture War By Morris Fiorina6419 Words   |  26 Pagesother, or voters who like or dislike both, or even voters who honestly could not care less about either. Fiorina declares that close election outcomes can’t tell us whether half the electorate hates the other half or that everyone is merely just flipping a coin (Fiorina, 15). The second contributing factor is that political activists are not normal people. Fiorina uses the term â€Å"political class† to cover his basis regarding the collection of officeholders, party and issue activists, interest group leadersRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages There are water spiders and plants living in the str eam. Its no death trap. At this point you are faced with one of lifes little decisions: What do you do about the water situation? Go or stay? Someone else might make this decision by flipping a coin. A logical reasoner is more rational. 4 A first step in logical reasoning is often to get some good advice. You already have some advice, but how do you decide whether its any good? There is one best way to identify good advice: It

University Of Arizona And Grand Canyon University

The high school senior year is indeed a rough year. Students are overwhelmed with stress applying for colleges, having their fingers crossed to be accepted in their first choice college. The primary step before applying for colleges is selecting which college best suits them in pursuing their dream career. Sometimes, more than half of the students dream of being in the medical field, satisfying that there’s still people in the world that want to help out others, and what’s better than helping them with their health. The hardest part of graduating includes that some learners are afraid of leaving their family and hometown, Arizona. It’s great that there are universities that can help undergraduates out in reaching their dream career.†¦show more content†¦Learning the value of independence is crucial at a young age. It is easier for a young person to correct their behaviors and to make better choices. In addition, each university in known for its popularit y. Of course, Grand Canyon University is known for their great buildings, they are also known for expanding each day. It is also recognized because it is a private Christian heritage university. Many students choose to apply to this university because it mainly focuses on students’ education. From time to time there are concerts and celebrations, but they are all alcohol free. Meanwhile, University of Arizona is a college full of parties. That is not the only thing that it is known for, it is also recognized for its history from the 1970s; although it was founded in 1885 â€Å"University of Arizona is a public institution that was founded in 1885† (Best Colleges U.S. News Rankings). The University of Arizona has a public library that students who are not enrolled in the university can come in certain hours and use computers and check-out books. The University of Arizona has hosted many community events that are open to the public. A university can be mainly known for t heir interactions that they create with the community. Additionally, students feel concerned regarding if they will be able to pay their college tuition over theShow MoreRelatedUniversity Vs Northern Arizona University822 Words   |  4 PagesCollege Search Arizona State University and Northern Arizona University are two schools that I’ve been accepted in. I would like to go to GCU, but I’m not sure if I’ll be accepted. If I don’t get accepted I would want to attend Northern Arizona University full time. I would also like to live on campus only at NAU. If I go to another university I will just plan on still living with my parents. School Profile Arizona State University’s tuition and fees comes to a total of $10,522 (ASU Tuition, 1)Read MoreGrand Canyon University Is A Christian College Full Of1273 Words   |  6 PagesGrand Canyon University is a Christian College full of deep history. Starting sixty-five years ago as a Baptist Church. It started its location in Prescott, AZ but eventually grew and relocated to Phoenix where is created a strong reputation as a private Christian University (History of GCU). In the early 2000’s, Grand Canyon University was having a hard time producing academic experiences of high quality. The financial support dropped, leaving the college with the only choice of starting a new practiceRead MoreGrand Canyon University : A Christian University1016 Words   |  5 PagesGrand Canyon University Grand Canyon University is a Christian college that has been operating for over 65 years. Since their founding in 1949, they have maintained their biblical mission to promote Baptist values. Today, they are an interdenominational university that welcomes all students. Although they identity as a Christian university and maintain their foundational convictions, they focus on establishing an accepting missional community. That is, they cultivate people who are united in carryingRead MoreEssay about History of the Colorado River1413 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION According to tree ring scientists from the University of Arizona in Tuscon, the Colorado River went through a six decade long drought during the mid-1100s. This drought was longer than any other drought know to the region. The Colorado River is essential to the American Southwest, draining into about 242,000 square miles of land to include seven U.S. states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. â€Å"The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predictedRead MoreRocks and Dates Geology Analysis1038 Words   |  5 PagesThe Grand Canyon is a wonderful place to gain a sense of how old the earth really is because of the ability to date the layers of rock in the canyon. The Rocks exposed in Grand Canyon are truly ancient, ranging from 1840 million years old or 1.84 billion years old (to 270 million years of age. (Beus, and Morales, 2003). While the Grand Canyon is not old in comparison to much of the earth, it is considered young earth because it was slivered by an ie in the last six million years. This gives the rocksRead MoreLincoln Desert Mission Food Bank1005 Words   |  5 Pagesway. Describe any honors, awards, scholarships, or recognition you have received. Provide dates, name of granting agency, and brief context whenever possible. Please do not use abbreviations. Received the President’s Scholarship at Grand Canyon University for maintaining a GPA above 3.6. Included in the President s Honor List at Paradise Valley Community College in December 2014 for achieving outstanding academic accomplishments throughout the semester. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Who are youRead MoreProfessional Meeting Summary: Arizona State Board of Nursing825 Words   |  3 PagesThe Arizona State Board of Nursing (AZBN) is an organization that protects the public by ensuring that all nurses holding a license or certificate are competent to practice safely. The board approves education programs and also regulates the practice of nursing (Arizona State Board of Nursing, 2012). The board holds a meeting almost every month to discuss issues and rule on present cases. The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss agenda items of the attended Arizona State Board of Nursing’sRead MoreGrand Canyon National Park, New York City, and the Washington Monunent Short Report1299 Words   |  6 PagesGrand Canyon National Park Short Report The Grand Canyon is one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world. It was originally deposited sediment that was lithofied, and turned into sedimentary rock. The rock was then carved out by hydraulic processes (Warneke). These processes, all combined, took almost three to six million years to form the Grand Canyon. Continued erosion by wind and rain in the present time continues to shift what the canyon looks like, and make it different as time goesRead MoreModule 2 Homework1867 Words   |  8 PagesModule 2 Homework Risk Management and Health Care Regulations Angie Martinez Grand Canyon University Module 2 Homework 1) There are several processes involved in a wrongful discharge. This is a fairly new and quickly expanding area that involves litigation, and this is an area that employers would rather avoid. About 65%-70% of worker’s are thought to be employees at will which means that an employer may fire an employee at any time for any reason, as long as the reason is lawful (KavalerRead MoreSpirituality1437 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: HEALING HOSPITAL Healing Hospital Norma Bracamonte Grand Canyon University HLT-310V Spirituality in Nursing September 28, 2011 Spirituality of a Healing Hospital Spirituality in the healing hospital environment commences with the initial point of contact with the staff. The staff not only includes nurses, patient care technicians, and management, it involves every person who is working within this hospital. The standards must be met to be named a healing hospital, all